Transactional Analysis
Journal
July 2000 Abstract
Vol 30 No 3
An Overview of the Psychodynamic School of Transactional
Analysis and Its Epistemological Foundations
by Carlo Moiso and
Michele Novellino
The authors propose an epistemological perspective on
transactional analysis as a necessary step toward its recognition in the
professional world. They outline the psychodynamic school of transactional
analysis as the direct evolution of Eric Berne's theoretical and methodological
thinking.
Every Revolution Should Have Dancing: Biology, Community
Organization, Constructionism, and Joy
by James R. Allen and Barbara
Ann Allen
Almost half a century ago, Eric Berne elaborated his
therapeutic framework in terms of the neurology of the day (Penfield, 1952);
the perspective of his ego state, transactions, game and script frameworks; and
the pragmatism of his emphasis on fun and "curing people" rather than on "doing
group therapy." Today, thanks to expanding knowledge of language use,
neurophysiology, and gentics, we are on the threshold of understanding all of
this in relation to what we are biologically capable of and within the
superordinate framework of contructivism.
Toward an Ethic of Ego States
by Pearl
Drego
This article views four ego state models - phenomenological,
historical, behavioral, and social - as having socioethical aspects that affect
the quality of human life that is promoted by transactional analysts. It
describes a scheme of personal maturity that is rooted in Bernean theory so
that the three ego states indicate three way of being in the here and now:
There is a Parent presence, an Adult presence, and a Child presence, with
spiritual dimensions. Each ego state is an integration from past and recent
experiences and hence the need for promoting cohesiveness and congruence within
and between them through developing an integrated Parent, integrated Adult, and
integrated Child.
The Development of Game Analysis
by Oswald
Summerton
Without in-depth game analysis, transactional analysis may
become an empty shell of people saying, and sincerely believing, "I'm OK and
you...." The author's introduction to game analysis began with the colloquial
names of games and then with learning ways to discover the content of hidden
messages. There followed the stopper to any play of a game: "Feel anything and
refuse the payoff." Gradually came the realization that even the "heroes" of
transactional analysis - analysts who were certified - played games. The author
went on a journey to experience and understand the roller-coaster quality of
organizational as well as individual games. The inner journey to unconscious,
dishonest psychodynamics and then outward to unconsciously dishonest
communication may lead the adventurer to name the hidden evil of what parades
as dishonesty in a a good cause.
A Personal View From A Parent Educator
by Jean
Illsley Clarke
Using the breakpoint theory (Land & Jarman, 1992),
this article proposes that we take a broad cultural view of Berne's
contributions, that we challenge ourselves to accept our heirtage of
innovation, and that we avoid dogma as we develop theories and explore
practices that will help us navigate our unknown future. Examples drawn from
the field of parent education are offered, and the identification of two
additional stages of development is proposed.
Organizational Transactional Analysis: Some Opinions and
Ideas
by Julie Hay
This article describes several
applications of transactional analysis, including: within organizations;
devlopments of English's (1975) three-cornered contract to include five levels
plus the context and involvement of more parties; suggestions on how
transactional analysis can be combined with neurolinguistic programming for
greater impact; conversion of the six treatment levels of the discount matrix
(Schiff et al., 1975) into a framework of "steps to cross-cultural success";
and the metaphor of a ship, which provides a model for understanding the
"hardware" and "software" of an organization and how these contribute to the
climate and culture.
Retrieving A Fourishing Psychotherapy: A
Transactional-Cybernetic Medition On Transactional Analysis
by
Graham Barnes
This article offers a second-order
transactional-cybernetic study of transactional analysis as as a
self-organizing system. A transaction is defined as a circle that includes
individuals and their environment, one in which observers, observing, and
observations are within the transaction. The central questions of this study
involve occasions when transactional analysis has turned back on itself and the
terms of relationip have changed. Three instances are discussed - Berne's
death, the theory of schizophrenia, and the theory of alcoholism. This article
offers a comparison between practices of transactional analysis in the 1970's,
when its theory of therapy generated diversity, and later practices arising out
its theory of personality. The proposal is made to retrieve certain patterns of
therapy that contributed to the legitimacy of transactional analysis as an
effective psychotherapy modality.
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